A r g e n t i n a

End notes

1 Article 19, Numeral 4, of the Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile sanctioned by the Supreme Decree 1,150 of 1980, published in the Official Bulletin on October 24, 1980.

2 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 1.

3 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 2.

4 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 3.

5 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 4.

6 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 5.

7 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 6.

8 Ibid. Numeral 12, Section 7.

9 Ibid. Article 39.

10 Article 20 of the National Constitution. It is observed that this article refers to freedom of opinion and information.

11 Constitutional Organic Law of the States of Exception No. 18,415, Article 5.

12 Ibid. Article 7.

13 Ibid. Article 10.

14 Ibid. Article 11.

15 Ibid. Article 12.

16 Ibid. Article 41, Numeral 1.

17 Ibid. Article 41,Numeral 5.

18 Law 16,623 on Abuses in Advertising, whose latest reform, with the purpose of eliminating multiple restrictions to freedom of speech introduced during the military regime (1973-1990), was carried out via Law 19,048 of February 13, 1991.

19 Ibid. Article 1.

20 Ibid. Article 1, Sections 1 and 2.

21 Ibid. Article 9.

22 Ibid. Article 10.

23 See HERRERA RAMIREZ, Jaime, Legal Statute of Radio Broadcasting, Editorial Jurídica de Chile, Santiago, 1997.

24 See Supra footnote

25 In Section 3 of Numeral 15 of Article 19 of the Political Constitution, it is stated that ?no one can be obligated to belong to an association.? This appears to be a contradiction in light of Art. 19, No. 15 of the Political Constitution. In fact, there is no legal requirement for a degree to practice journalism.

26 Article 161-A of the Penal Code.

27 Ibid. Article 412.

28 Ibid. Article 413.

29 Ibid. Article 414.

30 Ibid. Article 415.

31 Ibid. Article 416.

32 Ibid. Article 417.

33 Ibid. Article 418.

34 Ibid. Article 419.

35 Ibid. Article 420.

36 Ibid. Article 421.

37 Ibid. Article 422.

38 Ibid. Article 423.

39 Ibid. Article 425.

40 Ibid. Article 426.

41 Ibid. Article 427.

42 Ibid. Article 428.

43 Ibid. Article 429.

44 Ibid. Article 430.

45 Ibid. Article 431.

46 Law 16,643 modified by Law 19,048, Article 16.

47 Ibid. Article 17.

48 Ibid. Article 18.

49 Ibid. Article 19.

50 Ibid. Article 20.

51 Ibid. Article 21.

52 Law on Security of the State No. 12,927, Article 1.

53 Ibid. Article 4. It is important to note that the complete text is not transcribed, but only the sections related to the press.

54 Ibid. Article 5.

55 Ibid. Article 6. The expression ?National Anthem? was included by Article 40 of Law 18,342.

56 Ibid. Article 9.

57 Ibid. Article 16.

58 Ibid. Article 17.

59 Ibid. Article 18.

60 Ibid. Article 19.

61 Ibid. Article 20.

62 Ibid. Article 21.

63 Ibid. Article 26.

64 Ibid. Article 30.

65 Code of Military Justice approved by Decree No. 1614 of November 24, 1992, Article 255.

66 Ibid. Article 256.

67Ibid. Article 276.

68 Ibid. Article 284.

69 Ibid. Article 417.

70 Law No. 18,045 on the Stock Market, Article 61.

71 Ibid. Article 65.

72 Health Code, Article 53.

73 Ibid. Article 54.

74 Law 19,366, Article 17.

75 Law 19,223, Article 1.

76 Ibid. Article 2.

77 Ibid. Article 3.

78 Ibid. Article 4.

79 Law 16,643 on Abuses in Advertising, Article 28.

80 Ibid. Article 37.

81 Ibid. Article 38.

82 Ibid. Article 39.

83 Ibid. Article 40.

84 Ibid. Article 41.

85 Ibid. Article 42.

86 Ibid. Article 43.

87 Law 16,643 on Abuses in Advertising, Article 22. Article 22 refers to Article 16 of the same Law 16,643, which was transcribed in the section pertaining to crimes.

88 Ibid. Article 26.

89 Ibid. Article 31.

90 Ibid. Article 34.

91 Ibid. Article 24.

92 Ibid. Article 25.

93 Ibid. Article 27.

94 Statute 18,700 of May 6, 1988, Art. 30.

95 Law on the Abuses in Advertising, Article 11.

96 Ibid. Article 12.

97 Ibid in Article 6. The expression ?National Anthem? was excluded by Article 40 of Statute 18,342.

98 Penal Code, Article 264.

99 Ibid. Article 265.

100 Ibid. Article 266.

101 The controversy revolves around the term ?such as? in the Criminal Procedure Code to make it extensive to journalists.

102 Code of Civil Procedure Art. 360.

103 Article 247 of the Penal Code states in paragraph 2: ?The same sanctions shall be applied to those who, in the practice of any of the professions that require a degree, reveal secrets acquired by reason of that profession.?

104 Law 17,336 on Intellectual Property, Article 1.

105 Ibid., Article 24.

106 Law 16,643, Article 6.

107 Ibid. Article 7.

108 Ibid. Article 9.

109 Ibid. Article 29.

110 Ibid. Article 30.

111 Ibid. Article 5.

112 Statute No. 19,496 of March 7, 1997, in Article 3.

113 Ibid. Article 28.

114 Ibid. Article 31.

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