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E c u a d o r 2. SPECIFIC PRESS LAWS The 1975 Law on the Professional Practice of Journalism provides
in Article 1: ?A professional journalist shall be: a) The holder of the
relevant academic degree issued by a university or other institution
of higher learning in the Republic. b) The holder of such
a degree or its equivalent issued by a foreign university or other
institution of higher learning and legally revalidated in Ecuador;
and c) Whoever shall be granted
a Certificate of Professionalism issued by the Ministry of Public
Education for having practiced the profession of journalist prior
to the date when this law went into effect and in accordance with
its provisions.? Art. 2: ?The National Federation of Journalists is an organization
under private law endowed with legal status and a rotating venue,
as provided in the relevant by-laws. The Federation shall function
under the terms of this law and the guidelines and regulations thereof,
as well as of the Code of Professional Ethics.? Art. 3: ?The Federation is made up of the following bodies: a) General Assembly b) National Executive
Committee c) Provincial Associations d) Courts of Honor.? Art. 4: ?The National Assembly is the Federation?s highest
authority and shall be made up of two delegates appointed by each
provincial association and an additional delegate for each 20 members
that exceed the minimum number required to constitute an association.? Art. 5: ?Every two years, the General Assembly shall elect
the president and the members of the National Executive Committee.
The chairman of the General Assembly shall also preside over the
National Executive Committee and act as the Federation?s legal representative;
the president may not be re-elected until a term has elapsed after
leaving office.? Art. 6: ?The General Assembly shall set out the Federation?s
by-laws and their amendments; and the National Executive Committee
shall do likewise regarding The Code of Professional Ethics. All
these documents shall be submitted to the Ministry of Public Education
for information and legal approval.? Art. 7: ?The National Executive Committee shall have the same
venue as the National Federation of Journalists. The Committee?s
members may not be re-elected before one term has elapsed after
leaving office.? Art. 8: ?The structure, functions, attributions and duties
of the General Assembly, the National Executive Committee and other
bodies of the Federation, as well as administrative, financial and
other policies shall be included in the Federation?s by-laws and
regulations.
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