P a n a m a

4. STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES IN NATIONAL LAW

Art. 4 of the Constitution provides that the Republic of Panama abide by the standards of international law and, therefore, international treaties ratified by the National Assembly have full juridical status, such as the American Convention on Human Rights (The Agreement of San José), whose Art. 13 addresses the freedom of thought and expression, including freedom to seek, receive and disseminate all kinds of information and ideas without regard for national borders, whether orally, in writing, or through any other media. Panama has also signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which upholds the freedom of expression in Art. 19 and the American Declaration of Rights and Duties of Man (The Bogotá Pact) which devotes Art. 4 to this freedom.



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